Because of my father’s liver cancer I wrote
about earlier, I had read well over a hundred research studies on Spirulina
(SP). I want to share with you in my blog.
Spirulina, a species of blue-green algae, is
earth’s oldest living thing. It existed 3.5 billion years ago with immeasurable
strength in life’s vital forces. Spirulina had been the choice of food for the
astronauts of NASA and European Space Agency for many years. Many world organizations
including the United Nations have been studying the therapeutic and medicinal
properties of Spirulina for over 30 years. In 2008, the UN Food &
Agriculture Organization presented a position paper on Spirulina and rated
favorably its properties, stating that “clinical trials have shown that
Spirulina can serve as a supplementary
cure for many diseases.”
Spirulina contains over 30 types of
nutrients, including proteins, essential amino acids, essential fatty acids,
enzymes, chlorophyll, anti-oxidants, vitamins and minerals. Spirulina is the
earth’s most nutritious, balanced and suitable whole food for human
consumption.
Spirulina can be seen under a microscope |
Scientific
Research and Findings on Spirulina and PC (Phycocyanin)
In the medical field, scientific studies on humans
are valued much higher than those on animals or in labs. There has only been a
handful of research of Spirulina on humans but the results were quite amazing.
Chemopreventive properties.
In the late 80s, developing countries all started to do research on the
nutritional value of SP, especially on children and teenagers. These were
prompted by the Chernobyl disaster in Russia. In 1994, 49 children aged 3 – 7
years old of the disaster suffered from radiation poisoning were fed 5 gm of SP
a day. Their bone marrow was damaged, rendering them immune deficient. They
were also anemic and suffered from terrible allergic reactions. Within 6 weeks
of taking SP, their radioactivity dropped by 83% with other significant
improvements.
Anti-cancer properties. In
1995, the first human study evaluating the chemopreventive potential of SP was
conducted in India. The study involved 44 adults, all tobacco chewers, suffered
from precancerous lesion called leukoplakia. After feeding them 1 gm daily of
SP for 12 months, complete regression of lesions was observed in 45% of
subjects.
In 2002, another human study was done to
assess the anti-cancer properties of SP. In Japan, 12 healthy male volunteers
age between 40 - 65 were recruited and fed with SP. Within 2 months, their NK
cells were much higher than before. It was concluded that SP potentiates the
immune system leading to the suppression of cancer development and viral
infection. This finding was in line with all the studies in the 1990s on mice,
that SP facilitated antibody production, increase macrophages and induce spleen
cells to grow.
Anti-oxidant properties. Several
studies in the 90s showed that SP supported the detoxification of pollutants,
increased the level of immunoglobulin and strengthened the immune system.
Improve lipid profile (cholesterol, fatty
liver, LDL and triglycerides)and prevent heart diseases. A study conducted in
Japan concluded that SP lowered cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density
lipoprotein (LDL). 30 male volunteers with high cholesterol, mild hypertension
and hyperlipidemia were given 4 g of SP daily for 2 months. Total cholesterol
dropped within a month. A similar study earlier concluded that a diet enriched
with SP could alleviate disease since the atherosclerosis index improved.
Another study conducted in India concluded SP
played a key role in weight reduction, lowering blood cholesterol levels and
improving lipid profile (reduce LDL and raise HDL). 30 volunteers were fed with
2 – 4 g of SP for 4 weeks.
Lower glucose level. In
2001, there was a study on 20 males and 20 females between 40 – 60 years old in
India. It was found that SP significantly reduce ed blood glucose levels.
Prevent skeletal muscle damage. A study in 2006
showed that SP could prevent skeletal muscle damage by reducing pre-oxidative
stress level. It could also combat fatigue and postpone time of exhaustion by
reducing the serum level of CK and LDH.
Nutritional supplement.
Further research proved that SP provided many high quality nutrients, easily
absorbed by human beings. It includes 60 – 70% of vegetable protein with a full
spectrum of 18 amino acids. SP is very rich in omega 3 and has one of the
highest gamma linolenic acid (GLA) which is not easily taken in our regular
diets. It has complete vitamin B complex, including B1, B2, B3, B6, and B12. It
is also rich in minerals, particularly iron (90% absorbable), zinc, manganese
and calcium. Other biologically active substances include polysaccharides, lipids
(both glycolipids and sulfolipids), enzymes and probiotics.
Its dark color comes from natural pigments
that harvest sunlight at different wavelengths and at the same time protects
from too much sun. These pigments offer unusual health benefits and help
synthesize many enzymes necessary for regulating body metabolism. They are
chlorophyll (green), carotenoids (yellow and orange) and phycocyanin (blue). SP
is the richest beta carotene food, with a full spectrum of ten mixed
carotenoids which work synergistically to enhance antioxidant protection. It
has one of nature’s highest level of chlorophyll (1%), known for cleansing and
detoxifying. Phycocyanin is unique to SP; it builds both red and white blood
cells, boosts immune system and protects liver and kidney from toxic chemicals
and oxidation.
Studies
on Animals and in Labs
Test tube and animal studies suggested that
Spirulina has much potent properties. Herewith a summarized list:
• Activates
many of the natural killer cells (NK cells) that can help fight cancer cells,
including macrophages, T-cells, and B-cells
• These
interferon cells can also help fight other viral illnesses, including, flu,
herpes, mumps, measles and HIV
• Enhance
the body’s ability to generate new blood cells, including bone marrow stem
cells, spleen and thymus glands
• Act
as an phyto-antioxidant with radical scavenging properties to DNA cells and
organs
• Reduce
pre-oxidative level in skeletal muscle damage and fatigue
• Suppresses
tumor formations
• Has
anti-inflammatory compound that can control arthritics and ulcerative colitis
• Improve
liver lipid profile including lowering cholesterol and LCL
• Prevent
fatty liver by lowering triglycerides
• Protect
the liver and kidney from toxic chemicals and oxidative stress
• Promote
digestion and bowel function
• Suppress
bad bacteria and stimulate the growth of probiotics
• Unique
polysaccharides enhance cell nucleus enzyme activity and potentiate DNA repair
process
• Regulate
blood sugar level
• Improve
heart artery function and lower blood pressure
• Counter
allergic reactions including hay fever, hives, and sinus allergy
• Contain
vital nutrition for normal bodily functions
In 2009, the first study of the in vivo
chemopreventive effect of SP was conducted. The study investigated the effect
against rat liver toxicity and carcinogenesis induced by DBN precursors. The
incidence of liver tumors was significantly reduced from 80 to 20% by SP,
suggesting that SP is a protective phyto-antioxidant against liver toxicity and
an anti-tumor agent. It has potential use for chemo-therapy of liver carcinoma.
Nevertheless, the above study results do not
necessarily translate into human benefits though some of the findings coincided
with that of the human studies. More clinical trials are needed to understand
the efficacy of SP.
If you like to have the scientific references
of the above studies, feel free to email me.